Islamic contribution to science

Islamic contribution to science

18 Ağustos 2012, 03:32

The Islamic contribution to Science, including my own subject,
Mathematics, was considerable. They were responsible for Algebra
(the word is arabic) as well as the arabic numerals we use every day.

Here are a few items copied from "The History of Mathematics Home Page"
http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/mathhist.html

The major Greek progress in mathematics was from 300 BC to
200 AD. After this time progress continued in Islamic
countries. Mathematics flourished in particular in Iran,
Syria and India. In addition to the Islamic progress, it did
preserve Greek mathematics. From about the 11 C Adelard of
Bath, then later Fibonacci, brought this Islamic mathematics
and its knowledge of Greek mathematics back into Europe.

Mathematicians

       Banu Musa (sons of Musa ibn Shakir) (ninth century)
       al-Hajjaj ibn Matar (c. 800)
       Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780-c. 850)
       Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Johannitius) (808-873)
       `Abd al-Hamid ibn Turk (c. 850)
       Ahmad ibn `Abdullah al-Marwazi Habas al-Hasib (c. 850)
       Thabit ibn Qurra (836 -901)
       al-Fadl al-Nayrizi (c. 880)
       Abu Kamil ibn Aslam (c. 850-930)
       Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (Rhazes) (c. 865-c. 932)
       Qusta ibn Luka (d. 912)
       Abu `Abdallah Mohammad ibn Jabir al-Battani (Albatenius) (c. 858-929)
       Abu Nasr al-Farabi (Alpharabius) (c. 878-c. 950)
       Ibrahim ibn Sinan (909-946)
       Abu Sahl al-Kuhi (c. 950)
       Abu l'Hasan al-Uqlidisi (c. 952)
       `Abd al-`Aziz al-Qabisi (c. 950)
       Muhammad Abu l'Wafa (Albuzjani) (940-998)
       Abd al-Jalil al-Sijzi (c. 970)
       Abu `Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) (c. 965-1039)
       Abu l-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (973-1055)
       Abu Ali al-Husain ibn 'Abdullah ibn Sina (Avicenna) (980-1037)
       Abu Bakr al-Karaji (al Karkhi) (c. 1000)
       Abu `Abdallah al-Hasan ibn al-Baghdadi (c. 1000)
       Kushyar ibn Labban (c. 1000)
       Maslama al-Majriti (c. 1000)
       Abu Nasr Mansur ibn Iraq (d. 1030)
       Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi (c. 1025)
       `Umar al-Khayyami (Omar Khayyam) (c. 1048-c. 1125)
       `Abd al-Rahman al-Khazini (c. 1150)
       Abu-l-Walid Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Rushd (Averroes) (1126-1198)
       Ibn Yahya al-Samaw'al (1125-1180)
       Sharaf al-Din at-Tusi (c. 1175)
       Nasir al-Din at-Tusi (1201-1274)
       Muhammad al-Khalili (c. 1250)
       ibn al-Banna (1256-1321)
       Ghiyath al-Din al-Kashi (d. 1429)
       Ulugh Beg (1394-1449)

Bibliography

       J. L. Berggren. Episodes in the mathematics of Medieval Islam.
         Springer-Verlag, New-York, 1986.
       Butzer, P. L., and D. Lohmann.
       Science in Western and Eastern civilization in Carolingian times.
         Birkhauser, Boston, 1993.
       Ali Abdullah al-Daffa. The Muslim contribution to mathematics.
         Croom Helm, London, 1977.
       Ali Abdullah al-Daffa and J.J. Stroyls. Studies in the exact
         sciences in medieval Isalm. Wiley, New York, 1984.
       Ibn Lablan, Kushyar. Principles of Hindu Reckoning.
         Univ. Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1966.
       Kennedy, E. S. (Edward Stewart)
         Studies in the Islamic exact sciences.
         American University of Beirut, Beirut, 1983.
       Nasr, Seyyed Hossein Science and civilization in Islam.
         New American Library, New York, 1968.
       O'Leary, De Lacy Evans. How Greek science passed to the Arabs.
         Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1949.

--
Brendan E. Molloy, Centre for Computing Services, IMPERIAL COLLEGE,
Exhibition Rd, LONDON SW7 2BX, England

Tel: +44 171-594-6964   Fax:  +44 171-594-6958